What data you will need to collect will be determined by the questions you ask? After all, you have to answer your questions. Sometimes, however, it's not possible for you get the data you need. In such a case, you need to change the form of the question, or the question itself, in order to collect data.
Although there are many types of research, practially speaking, the types of research that we might be able to do in one semester in our class will likely be a phenomenologial study, content analysis (chapter 7), or some type of description research (chapter 9). Be sure to read carefully the guidelines for Method and The Research Report.
Tomorrow you should email me your research question and the type of research you might do.