According to John Swales, a linguist, the introductions in all academic journal articles contain four rhetorical moves. Scholars use these moves to develop a context for their work. Although the order of these moves can vary, in general, the first move is to announce the importance of the research topic. A second move is to review and summarize previous research relevant to their work. Third, they show a problem, or a “gap,” in the previous research, thus making room for their own research. Finally, scientists present their own work as filling that gap or resolving that problem.